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Four of the biggest European economies grew faster than forecast in the first quarter on higher exports and investment, setting the stage for the wider eurozone to emerge from its recent stagnation.
Germany’s economy grew at a quarterly rate of 0.2 per cent in the three months to March, according to data released on Tuesday, in a marked rebound from a 0.5 per cent contraction in gross domestic product in the previous quarter.
The federal statistical agency attributed the growth to higher investment and exports, which offset lower household spending, helping it to outstrip the 0.1 expansion forecast by economists in a Reuters poll.
Coupled with higher than expected GDP figures from France, Spain and Italy, the data indicate the eurozone economy has made a stronger start to the year than expected.
The euro rose 0.1 per cent against the dollar to $1.070 after the release of the data, extending its recent rally ahead of the US Federal Reserve meeting on interest rates this week.
“The German economy found its footing at the start of the year, though this has to be seen in the context of a downward revision to fourth-quarter growth,” said Claus Vistesen at Pantheon Macroeconomics.
Eurozone growth is expected to pick up modestly this year as inflation slows and wages rise, boosting household spending power. Data to be released later on Tuesday is expected to show the bloc’s GDP expanded 0.1 per cent in the first quarter after flatlining in the final quarter of last year.
Domestic consumption is also being supported by recent reductions in borrowing costs by banks in anticipation that the European Central Bank will start cutting interest rates this summer.
French GDP expanded 0.2 per cent in the first three months of the year, according to official figures, which exceeded economists’ forecasts for a repeat of the 0.1 per cent growth from the final quarter of last year. Insee, the French statistics agency, attributed the improvement to higher government and household spending and rising investment.
Italian growth accelerated in the first quarter to 0.3 per cent, lifted by a positive contribution from net foreign demand, which offset a drag from domestic demand, according to the national statistics office. Economists had forecast growth of 0.1 per cent.
Spain’s economy also surprised to the upside by expanding 0.7 per cent in the first quarter thanks to rising domestic and external demand. The growth cemented Spain’s place as one of Europe’s strongest recent performers. Economists had expected a rise in Spanish output of 0.4 per cent.
The rebound in activity came as inflation’s recent decline stalled in several of the eurozone’s larger members. France on Tuesday reported higher consumer price growth than expected of 2.4 per cent in April, following similarly above-forecast inflation figures of 3.4 per cent for Spain and 2.4 per cent for Germany.
Consumer spending rose sharply in France and Germany at the end of the first quarter, according to separate data released on Tuesday. French retail sales increased 0.4 per cent in March, while in Germany they were up 1.8 per cent, rebounding from a 1.9 per cent decline in February to achieve the strongest monthly growth for almost a year.
However, analysts worry that France’s efforts to reduce its stubbornly high budget deficit could weigh on the economy later this year. Vistesen warned that consumer spending would slow “as household sentiment and purchasing intentions are curbed by threat of a tax increase to rein in the budget deficit”.
Additional reporting by Philip Stafford in London
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