Gig workers unaware of lower Form 1099-K threshold

Millions more taxpayers will be receiving the Form 1099-K in the mail this year for the first time if they were paid $5,000 or more last year through a service such as Venmo, PayPal, Cash App, StubHub, Etsy and Airbnb, and most won’t be expecting it.

New research from tax automation provider Avalara found 61% of gig economy workers are unaware of recently lowered 1099-K reporting thresholds aimed at capturing unreported online sales income, Nearly three-fourths (73%) of the gig workers surveyed don’t know the payment threshold above which they would receive a Form 1099-K and be required to file an IRS tax return.

Gig workers will be looking for advice from a tax preparer. Over 20% of the survey respondents plan to pay a tax professional for the first time as a result of 1099-K reporting changes and complexity.

Last year, the IRS extended its transition relief for the new Form 1099-K information reporting threshold, setting it at $5,000 for 2024 and $2,500 in 2025 before reaching the statutory level of $600 in 2026 and thereafter. The previous threshold was $20,000 in gross proceeds and over 200 transactions, but it was lowered to $600 and any number of transactions by the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021. While there have been a number of bills introduced in Congress to raise the threshold, none of them has passed so far, prompting the IRS to repeatedly delay and plan to phase in the requirement, raising the ire of some lawmakers who have complained the IRS doesn’t have that authority.

The Avalara survey found that while 61% of respondents claim to be knowledgeable about Form 1099-K and its purpose, an equal proportion of 61% don’t know the 1099-K reporting threshold is lower this year and subsequent tax years. For subsequent tax seasons on the way to a $600 1099-K reporting threshold, only 18% surveyed could identify the correct threshold for 2026 and the final $600 reporting threshold for the 2027 tax season.

The respondents offered various predictions for how they would fare from the new income reporting requirements: 37% believe their business will be profitable following tax season, 36% responded they’ll likely break even, and 17% predict they’ll lose money due to the IRS changes.

More than one-third (37%) of gig workers surveyed said this is the first year they’re receiving a 1099-K, so 21% of respondents plan to engage a tax professional for the first time. Another factor in seeking professional advice could be the number of gigs these workers are juggling: 75% of survey respondents have two or more sources of income, 45% have three or more, and 16% have four or more. Accountants and bookkeepers will be essential to helping 1099-K newbies sort out the reporting and tax implications of multiple income sources.

The survey also indicated how respondents plan to move forward after tax season. To avoid crossing the $2,500 1099-K threshold next year, over 20% of workers expect to be quitting one or more of their gig economy jobs and 19% are changing their earnings strategy, while 15% will be using tax software for the first time. Another 20% intend to take on more under-the-table work, and 15% will switch to Zelle to avoid IRS reporting rules associated with PayPal and Venmo. Some 40% of those surveyed say they’ll take on one or more additional gig economy jobs. And 16% of survey respondents said they will be leaving the gig economy altogether and pursuing different work.

“Our survey data reveals the urgent need for basic knowledge and orderly direction on the part of gig economy workers to determine how best to comply with the lowered 1099-K digital payments threshold,” said Avalara general manager Kael Kelly in a statement Thursday. “This scrappy segment of our economy demonstrates DIY drive in creating a living from engaging in multiple jobs, non-traditional work, and sometimes essential services that support how consumers want to buy and receive goods and services – and they’re now faced with the additional challenge of sorting out new, last-minute tax regulations and reporting requirements. Businesses of all sizes, including independent workers, need a fast, robust, easy, and affordable way to e-file 1099 forms, and that capability is within reach through modern cloud software.”